KVM 虛擬機器掛載硬碟

技術Linux
KVM, Virtualization

最近在安裝 Ceph 分散式儲存時，需要多顆硬碟，而實體機並沒有這麼多硬碟時，變透過 KVM 來模擬多顆硬碟給虛擬機使用。本文將介紹如何使 KVM 所建立的虛擬機掛載新的虛擬硬碟。若不知道如何安裝 KVM，請參考 。

新增硬碟

進入虛擬機器，使用fdisk指令查看目前硬碟資訊，可以看到只有掛載一顆vda：

$ sudo fdisk -l
Disk /dev/ram0: 64 MiB, 67108864 bytes, 131072 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes

# [omitting much detailed data here]

Disk /dev/vda: 15 GiB, 16106127360 bytes, 31457280 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x895a7464

Device     Boot   Start      End  Sectors  Size Id Type
/dev/vda1  *       2048   999423   997376  487M 83 Linux
/dev/vda2       1001470 31455231 30453762 14.5G  5 Extended
/dev/vda5       1001472 31455231 30453760 14.5G 8e Linux LVM




Disk /dev/mapper/test--vg-root: 13.5 GiB, 14516486144 bytes, 28352512 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes


Disk /dev/mapper/test--vg-swap_1: 1 GiB, 1073741824 bytes, 2097152 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

【檢視】
接下來，透過virt-manager可以很方便且快速的對虛擬機新增硬體。首先點選要新增硬體的虛擬機，並顯示虛擬機器的詳細規格：

  1. 點擊上方工具列的 【檢視】；
  2. 點選下拉式表單的 【細節】。

Virt-Manager Toolbar

點選 【細節】 後，會列出此虛擬機器的詳細硬體規格及其設定：

VM Hardware Details

透過下方的 【加入硬體】 新增一顆虛擬硬體，並依據自己的需求進行配置：

Add Disk

完成後，進入虛擬機器使用fdisk指令查看硬碟資訊，可以看到已經vdb掛載上去：

$ sudo fdisk -l
Disk /dev/ram0: 64 MiB, 67108864 bytes, 131072 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes

# [omitting much detailed data here]

Disk /dev/vda: 15 GiB, 16106127360 bytes, 31457280 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x895a7464

Device     Boot   Start      End  Sectors  Size Id Type
/dev/vda1  *       2048   999423   997376  487M 83 Linux
/dev/vda2       1001470 31455231 30453762 14.5G  5 Extended
/dev/vda5       1001472 31455231 30453760 14.5G 8e Linux LVM




Disk /dev/mapper/test--vg-root: 13.5 GiB, 14516486144 bytes, 28352512 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes


Disk /dev/mapper/test--vg-swap_1: 1 GiB, 1073741824 bytes, 2097152 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes


Disk /dev/vdb: 20 GiB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

參考資料

  1. 给KVM虚拟机增加硬盘
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